Field Survey Techniques

Specific survey sampling techniques and designs that can be used for sampling the subjects of interest, especially plants and animals, include:
1. Sampling of plants:
• Quadrat.
• Transect - line/belt.
• Plotless.
2. Sampling designs:
• Random sampling.
• Systematic.
• Stratified random.
3. Sampling of animals:
• Small mammals (live traps).
• Birds (observational count) - line transect.
• Invertebrates: Tree beatings; Sweep netting; Malaise trap; Pitfall traps.
• Large mammals (including people): Observational count.
Advanced surveying of animals are not covered in this guide, but the use of a walkover observation count for animals and birds would be appropriate for general field surveys.