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Globally, soils can be categorised into 32 significant groups, termed Reference Soil Groups (RSG). (World reference base for soil resources 2014. International soil classification system for naming soils and creating legends for soil maps, updated 2015, World Soil Resources Reports 106, Food and Agriculture Organization of the united Nations, https://www.fao.org/soils-portal/data-hub/soil-classification/world-reference-base/en/).

England and Wales have 13 RSG (https://www.landis.org.uk/soilsguide/index.cfm?) , whilst Scotland has 9 RSG (https://soils.environment.gov.scot/maps/soil-maps/world-reference-base-soil-map/) and Northern Ireland (http://www.ukso.org/static-maps/soils-of-northern-ireland.html) has 8 RSG.