Rainwater Harvesting 
Rainwater that is collected, typically from roofs or direct to storage tanks or reservoirs. Water abstraction licences are not required for water from harvested rainwater, although where it is combined with ground (e.g. borehole) or surface (e.g. river / stream) water then a licence will be needed.
Harvesting rainwater is an efficient water of water, is effectively cost free, reduces the water load surface run-off at peak rainfall times helping to reduce the potential for localised flooding, and reduces the demand of valuable potable water. Large underground / under pitch storage tanks ca
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Re-use
A stage in the waste hierarchy which focuses on any operation by which products or their components that are not waste are used again for the same purpose.
Recycled / Reused Waste
An Environmental Sustainability Indicator.
• Brief Description: How much stuff is recycled or reused, instead of being disposed of as waste? This indicator can be used to determine the effectiveness and efficiency of resource use.
Recycling
A stage in the waste hierarchy which means waste materials are reprocessed into products, materials or substances either for their original or other purposes. It includes the reprocessing of organic material, but not energy recovery or for backfilling operations.
Reduce, Reuse, Recycle
A term used as part of a waste management hierarchy, with an aim being for individuals to be encouraged to undertake more environmentally responsible actions.
Promoting the 3Rs (which is a popular and shortened version of the terms), and other sustainable practices, has been a noticeable way in which local authorities, community groups and organisations have engaged with raising environmental awareness. Each target group, and audience, will have different requirements in understanding the message being communicated.
Different groups that might be considered, include:
• Colleagues.
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Renewable Energy Use
An Environmental Sustainability Indicator.
• Brief Description: This may be from purchased electricity supplies that are generated using renewable energy technologies; or directly through micro-generation such as the use of wind turbines, photovoltaic panels, biomass production etc.
Rio Declaration on Environment and Development 1992
Seventeen principles of sustainability were developed from the 1992 Rio Declaration on Environment and Development to help in the understanding of what sustainable development means in practice. These principles can form a central theme on which management decisions are made. The following table provides some examples for the grounds management industry.
Rucksack Factor
The quantity of resource material needed to produce 1kg of an end product. It can be expressed as a ratio of such as 50:1, meaning that 50kg of resource materials is required to create 1kg of a manufactured end product, meaning that 49kg is classed as waste material. This can help raise awareness of the impact products and their use can have on the environment and also act as a catalyst for reducing material inputs to improve efficiency of resource consumption and also the cost of production.
Service Usage
A Social Sustainability Indicator.
• Brief Description: How well the service is used is an important indication of whether the service might be valued or how aware (or not) people are of a service. This data can be used for marketing purposes, identification of carrying capacity, as well as for use by economic indicators.
Social Life Cycle Assessment
An assessment method that aims to understand the social impacts of products and services, including how business engages with society and communities. Tangible and potential impacts, both positive and negative, will need to be judged and valued to help determine the outcome and direction of travel of a Social Life Cycle Assessment (S-LCA).
(Source: Sala S, Vasta A, Mancini L, Dewulf J, Rosenbaum E. Social Life Cycle Assessment: State of the art and challenges for supporting product policies. EUR 27624. Luxembourg (Luxembourg): Publications Office of the European Union; 2015. JRC99101. https:/
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