FRAC Mode of Action (MoA) 
A classification system for fungicides, with different codes being given for different MoA.
The main fungicide groups, with FRAC code, approved for use on turf within the UK (2020) are:
Fungicide, Curative
When an aggressive disease outbreak occurs, a typical response is to apply a curative fungicide to halt any further spread of the disease and to kill it off so as to allow the affected turf to recover.
A curative fungicide will usually be very effective and quick in its control of the disease, thereby allowing the grounds manager to take stock of damage caused and carry out repair or renovation work as required.
A curative will also typically be effective for a short period of time and a subsequent outbreak will then need another (which will usually also mean expensive) application of fu
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Fungicide, Preventative
The application of a fungicide in anticipation of disease outbreaks, and often used as an ‘insurance policy’ for (ideally) controlling potential attacks. However, this may not be an appropriate approach for some or many situations. If the optimal environmental conditions for a disease outbreak do not occur, then this can prove a costly and wasteful action.
If the grass species that are present in a sward are less susceptible to disease and are maintained in a strong, healthy and reduced stress situation then the need for a preventative fungicide is questionable in many cases. If, however,
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Fusion
A dual action systemic fungicide with the active ingredients of tebuconazole (200g/l (18.2% w/w)) and trifloxystrobin (100g/l (9.1% w/w)). It can be used to control Anthracnose, Dollar Spot, Fusarium Patch, Red Thread and Rust, with an application rate of 1L/ha (a.i.) in 400-500 litres water per hectare. It is marketed by Rigby Taylor.
Greenshield
A product name for a fungicide that contained the active ingredients carbendazim and chlorothalonil that was used for the control of anthracnose, dollar spot, fusarium patch and red thread, but is no longer approved for use.
Harmonix Turf Defense
A bio-control fungicide which contains a naturally occurring bacteria, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens QST 713, and which can be used to assist in the control of anthracnose, dollar spot and Microdochium (fusarium) patch, by preventing fungal spore germination. It can be applied at any time during the year, with no more than 10 applications being permitted, and is manufactured by Envu.
Headway
A broad spectrum turf systemic fungicide with the active ingredients of Azoxystrobin (62.5g/l) and Propiconazole (104g/l). It was used to control a wide range of turf diseases, including Fusarium (Microdochium) Patch; Leafspot / Melting Out; Dollar Spot, and Take-All Patch; and having moderate control of Anthracnose. It was no longer for sale in the UK after 19 June 2019, with usage of pre-purchased stock having to have been used by no later than 19th March 2020. It was manufactured by Syngenta.
Heritage [2]
A single action turf fungicide with the active ingredient of azoxystrobin at 500g/kg. It can be used to control a wide range of turf diseases, including Anthracnose; Brown Patch; Fusarium (Microdochium) Patch; Leafspot / Melting Out; Rust; Take-All Patch; and Type 2 Fairy Ring. It is manufactured by Syngenta.
Heritage Maxx
A single action turf fungicide with the active ingredient of azoxystrobin at 95 g/L. It can be used to control a wide range of turf diseases, including Anthracnose; Brown Patch; Fusarium (Microdochium) Patch; Grey Leafspot; Helminthosporium; Pythium; and Red Thread. It is manufactured by Syngenta.
Insignia
A product name for a (Qol) strobilurin fungicide which contains the active ingredient Pyraclostrobin (200g/kg), being a water dispersible granule. It provides for a reduction in Dollar spot, moderate control of Fusarium patch, and control of Red thread in managed amenity turf. It is manufactured by BASF.