Module 6:

6.2 Turf problems and controls

1   Introduction

There are many organisms which can cause problems to turfgrasses and pitches. The more intensive the maintenance and the higher the construction specification, the more problems are often encountered due to the increased stress which is put on the grass plants.

This part of the module identifies some of the more common problems which might be encountered on traditional soil-based football pitches. Whilst there are many more problems that can affect a football pitch or other turfgrass surfaces, the aim here is to provide a selection of some of the more typical examples.

We have structured this part of the module as follows:

• Weeds.
• Pests.
• Diseases.
• Disorders.
• IPM / ITM.
• Systematic turf management.

2   6.2.1 Weeds

These are just undesirable plants (often just the vegetative parts of wildflowers) growing on a pitch. A few weeds here and there aren’t really going to be a problem and will rarely get noticed. However, as the number of weeds increase, so does the increase in them becoming a problem.

Weeds in turfgrass swards can be categorised as either broad (or large) leaved and small (or fine) leaved. Moss and algae are also weed problems, even though they are in different botanical groups from the more common interpretation of weeds.

3   Why can the presence of weeds in a football pitch be a problem?

Wider leaved weeds will compete with and smother desirable grasses, reducing the traction from players’ boots when interacting with the surface, plus wet leaves can result in a slippery surface, reducing playing experience and potentially causing some minor injuries.

Moss is especially undesirable on a football pitch because it prevents grasses from growing where it is and is easily kicked out of the sward, leaving unsightly bare areas which can quickly turn to muddy patches.

Algae should not really be a problem on football pitches, but if it is then soil moisture will be a problem. Any algae coverage would need to be dealt with as soon as it is noticed because it can cause very slippery and potentially dangerous situations.