Tree and Shrub Identification Decision Tree 
Golf courses, parks and many amenity areas and sports grounds will typically have a number of trees and shrubs/ hedgerow plants present, with them all being categorised as either broad-leaved or conifers.
Whilst a grounds manager may not be an arboriculture expert, having the ability to identify and understand about these plants will significantly improve their capability and effectiveness in managing any ground or golf course. Encouraging wildlife and biodiversity, providing wind breaks or screens, adding to the visual appearance of a site and selecting plants better suited to being nea
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Turf Care
The looking after of surfaces that have natural turf grasses within them.
Turf Culture
Literally the culturing of turf. The growing and nurturing of turf grasses. The maintenance and management of turfgrass surfaces using scientific principles, in conjunction with making effective and efficient use of available resources. Sometimes this is referred to as Turfgrass Culture.
Turf Nursery
An area of land which is maintained so that a ready supply of suitable turf, grown on appropriate rootzone, can be cut and relaid on the main sports surface. This can be especially helpful where a sporting surface has been damaged by disease, overuse, general wear and tear or vandalism. Common areas where turf cut from a turf nursery would be used were golf tees, bowling green ends and football goal mouths, as well as cricket pitch ends and also base lines for tennis courts.
The instant availability of turf was a distinct advantage, especially prior to around the mid-1980s, however, with
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Turfgrass [1]
A turfgrass surface can be either amenity turf or sports turf surfaces. Turfgrass surfaces are those which persist under mown (by mechanical means) situations, routinely provide good ground coverage, survive traffic, and where used for sports provide a satisfactory and safe playing surface. Not all amenity surfaces can be classed as turfgrass surfaces as they do not meet all the required criteria.
Turfgrass [2]
A grass species which is suitable for being mown and maintained on a regular basis. It will create a suitably even and relatively dense ground coverage, which can recover from wear. The commonest turfgrasses are Perennial Ryegrass, the Red Fescues and Browntop Bent. Other typical ones used within the UK include, Smooth Stalked Meadow Grass, Creeping Bent, Tall Fescue and Tufted Hairgrass.
Turfgrass Seed
Grass seed which is used for the establishment of turfgrass areas.
TurfSync
An online portal launched by the STRI Group in 2019. Its aim is to record and monitor surface performance data to help improve grounds management decision making. https://www.turfsync.com
Two-Minute Rule
A simple time management technique whereby if something can be done quickly, in less than 2-minutes then do it now.
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Undesirable Organism