Compound, Chemical

A chemical substance which contains identical, repeating, molecules of more than one element and held together by the attraction between the elements. Two common categories of compounds are molecules (which applies to most organic compounds within plants, as well as water) and ionic compounds (especially fertilisers).

  Conservation

The management of the environment to protect species, especially diversity of organisms, yet which allows for sustainable use, natural development and change processes to take place.

  Consultancy

A service provided by an individual or organisation offering professional advice and guidance, often in the form of a written report.

  Consultation

An opportunity for an individual or group of people to have their voice heard in a timely manner. A consultation can take many forms, for example: a one-to-one discussion, often aiming to find the best solution to the issue being discussed; the gathering of opinions and establishing dialogue between interested and affected parties for development proposals by an organisation, local or national government; making employees aware of proposed changes to working practices, allowing for the exchange of ideas and views to actively engage them in the decision-making process. A consultation shou

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  Contingency Plan

A plan, often termed Plan B, which can be activated when an unforeseen or when a foreseen but rare, or unlikely, event occurs. A contingency plan might be considered for dealing with disruptive and more likely events, for example, machinery breakdowns or disease attack occurs.

  Contingency Planning

A plan which would be realised in the event of potential and undesirable events occurring. The events would typically have a very low likelihood of occurring, but would cause serious negative consequences for an organisation, at least in the short-term, if little consideration is given to them as part of risk management or business continuity planning. Contingency planning can also be applied to more routine activities, with examples including medium to longer term staff shortages, machinery breakdown, budget shortfalls, work programmes with a contingency built in for weather variabilitie

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  Continuous Improvement

A process of identifying and actioning improvements in a process, procedure, product or service. The process is often a gradual one which makes small but incremental improvements that continue to add value.

  Contour Line

A continuous line which is drawn on a plan which joins all points of the same height. The lines will be related to a particular datum point on the plan.

  Core Maintenance

A category of turf maintenance which categorises variables in a way that captures the general outcomes and returns from inputs to a sports turf surface. This is the maintenance needed to achieve satisfactory playing conditions for the level of use expected, and not exceeding the carrying capacity of the surface. It will cover maintenance needed in all of the performance quality standard levels.

  Cost Benefit Analysis

An estimate of the total cost and equivalent monetary value of the potential social benefits of a process or service to a community to establish whether they are worthwhile. The placing of monetary values to social benefits is often problematic. Extensive analysis of data of public investments in the USA and Europe has shown there is a cost-benefit fallacy where accurate and unbiased estimates do not prevail in many cases, with underestimates of costs (resulting in significant overrun of costs) and overestimates of benefits (resulting in benefit shortfalls). Addressing inaccurate and biase

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